Another unlikely solution: The quantity, size and shape of states should be dynamic and tied to relative population. That would solve the rigged senate, the electoral college and the under/over representation of urban/rural people respectively. Places like NYC should be a state and places like ND should be a quarter of a state. About as likely to happen as winning the lottery though.

The most long term and solid solution is to compel left wing people to leave dark blue cities, counties and states for purple and red areas. The rural areas need education, diversity, healthcare, population and jobs. The urban areas are overcrowded to the point of gentrification, exuberant housing costs and skyrocketing living expense. In the long term the cities decrease generational wealth and the rural areas increase it. The only long term solution for the left is to leave the cites. You are not going to convince people who are over represented that they should give up the advantage, you need to take it.