Why are states like Idaho, Montana, and states in the western part of the USA have so little people living in them?

Regarding Idaho, because of these reasons traditionally, though things are rapidly changing: a. Only settled in the late 1800s, early 1900s b. Remote/isolated compared to populated parts of the country on coasts c. Arid and continental climate requiring irrigation, d. Rugged and mountainous terrain e. No major transportation or industries to draw large populations (mining, farming, and forestry traditionally) All that being said, Idaho is one the fastest growing states in the country right now, reasons for that are: A. Lower cost of living compared to larger cities B. Remote work now possible C. Quality of life (if you like outdoor activities, skiing, mountain biking, fishing, hunting, whitewater, etc) it’s a great place to live D. Possibility to buy a larger home/or land if you sell your house in California E. Safe/low crime

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