If someone gets take-out and just eats it at a table at the restaurant, is that allowed?

No

what if they know the owner or someone who works there, just keeping them company during this time?

“I know the owner” is not a listed exception to the rule

Like are there any consequences for restaurants staying open?

Probably. The hope is that people are not assholes, but obviously that’s asking a lot. The county health department could shut them down completely (or the mayor under state of emergency). I have not yet heard any stories of that happening, yet.

What about small cafes with capacity less than 50?

Dine-in is not permitted

Or the cafes at Target or seating areas in markets?

Also shut down (along with food courts, etc.)