Decaying social services and social infrastructure alone doesn’t explain the gang culture in Toronto though. There are many other poor parts of Canada, far poorer than anywhere in Toronto actually, that don’t have nearly as many gun crimes/public gang violence.

This might sound dumb, but I’m saying this as someone who knows a couple Toronto gang bangers and has lived in multiple Canadian cities; I think a large part of Toronto’s gun crime issue is due to culture, specifically, certain communities in Toronto adopted American street gang culture, which is a unique phenomenon in Canada. Like, rappers such as Top5, smoke dawg (RIP), and Rob Banks -among many more- are basically carbon copies of Chicago drill rappers. They even get shot up about as often as Chicago drill rappers too..