I'm a bit further along than you, but not by much. I think /u/Aari_G had great suggestions, especially the idea of working your way through projects. My suggestion would be to second that notion and find a series of projects that will require knowledge of multiple different areas of construction so that by the time you hit shirts and suits, you'll have a much better handle on the techniques and necessary pattern reading and adjustments.
There are books for men but not a lot. What you'll find is that the information is relatively adaptable regardless of sex. You may even find men's sewing to be less complicated (depending on your body type). I was talking to a sewing instructor, and she surprised me by saying that it would be easier to do a coat before a shirt. I had always thought it was the other way around. Anyway, invest in the 70's edition of the Reader's Digest Complete Guide to Sewing as it has all the basics pretty well covered. Then, look into some of David Coffin's work on shirt down the road.
YouTube will be your friend for sure, and check out places like PatternReview or sites that offer patterns in searchable simple formats. Pinterest is also great for patterns and ideas. And don't be hard on yourself if it takes longer than you think. I've surprised myself with some pretty silly mistakes and also with some pretty exciting advances. To date, I've only done an apron, and I'm about to finish a child's hat (will post when done).
Between those two projects, I've done (1) top stitching, (2) turning, (3) measuring and adjusting, (4) steaming/ironing, (5) pinning, (6) needle and thread work/bobbins loading, etc., (7) facings, (8) linings, (9) ribbon / bias tape construction, (10) pocket templating and gathering, (11) sandwiching layers, and a number of other things I can't remember at the moment. But all of these will collectively contribute to my stock of knowledge. You can check out classes and/or look for mentors as well because there are so many phenomenal people with amazing knowledge of garment construction and sewing and everything in between.
Maybe try Meetup groups as well for crafting and sewing folks. You'll quickly see the interrelatedness--and addiction!--of a lot of the crafting fields. I hope you reach your goals, and I'm excited to see what you create (feel free to share your experiences!). Everyone I've interacted with here has been pretty awesome. :)