And, in fact, woman and men get paid almost the same for the same job in the US. The wage gap is mostly a combination of women tending to work different types of jobs (more teachers and nurses, fewer lawyers and doctors), women tending to be the ones to sacrifice a career for children, and women tending not to engage in negotiations for higher salaries.

While the factors you mention certainly do play a role, I think it is wrong for several reasons that there is almost no wage gap in the U.S. today.

Firstly, the fact that women are still underrepresented in high-paying jobs is part of the wage gap. The question why high-paying jobs are still male dominated is a testimony of the different role our society assigns to men and women.

Secondly, and perhaps more importantly, women get payed significantly less than men for the same job.

In this study from Yale University, scientists were given identical applications for a lab manager position. Half of the applications bore a male name, and the others a female name.

Results found that the “female” applicants were rated significantly lower than the “males” in competence, hireability, and whether the scientist would be willing to mentor the student.

The scientists also offered lower starting salaries to the “female” applicants: $26,507.94 compared to $30,238.10.

Although this study is of course not statistically significant, due to the small sample size, it is still very hard to dismiss it as statistical error.

Secondly, this study from Standford university says:

However, even controlling for experience and whatever other qualifications can readily be measured, there tends to be a pay difference between man and women that is not explained and is potentially due to discrimination.