ELI5: How did old forts actually "protect" a strategic area? Couldn't the enemy just go around them or stay out of range?

Notable features of Shivaji's forts include:

Design changes with the topography and in harmony of the contour, no monotony of design

No ornate palaces or dance floors or gardens

No temple complexes

Not much difference in the area of higher or lower ranks

Marvelous acoustics in the capital

Sanskritization of fort names

Community participation in the defense of forts

Three tier administration of forts

System of inspection of forts by higher ups including the king

Distinct feature of forts like double line fortification of Pratapgad, citadel of Rajgad

Foresight in selection of sites.

Source- wiki

/r/explainlikeimfive Thread