Existentialism Versus Marxism – their differences on science and the absurdity of reality; the predominance of ambiguity; individuals and their environment; freedom, necessity and morality; the destiny of humanity; alienation in modern society; and the meaning of life and death.

Quotes from the Marxist perspective —

Science and the Absurdity of Reality: “The physical preceded and produced the biological, the biological the social, and the social the psychological in a historical series of mutually conditioned stages. The aim of science is to disclose their essential linkages and formulate these into laws that can help pilot human activity.”

Predominance of Ambiguity: “Any unsettled situation can give way to greater determination. Reality and our understanding of it need not be forever ambiguous, any more than water must remain fluid under all circumstances.”

Individuals And Their Environment: “Since the social structure shapes and dominates the lives of individuals, it has to be transformed by the collective struggle of the working people in order to eliminate the conditions that repress individuality and create an environment suited to the unhampered cultivation of the capacities of each living human being.”

Freedom, Necessity And Morality: “Humanity really becomes free by uncovering and understanding the laws of nature, society and thought. Our aims become effective to the extent that verified scientific knowledge enables us to control and change the world around us.”

Destiny of Humanity: “Marxism points to the historical achievements recorded in humanity’s rise over the past million years and incorporated in the accumulated knowledge, skills, and acquisitions of world culture as tangible proofs of the worth of human work and as a pledge of the future.”

Alienation in Modern Society: “It is the product of our impotence before the forces of nature and society and our ignorance of the laws of their operation. It diminishes to the extent that our powers over nature and our own social relations, and our scientific knowledge of their processes of development, are amplified.”

The Meaning Of Life And Death: “No matter what the toil, turmoil, and pain of personal and social experience, life is the supreme value for humankind. Not life as it is but life as liberated humanity will make and remake it. The paramount practical-moral aim of socialism is to improve the quality of life without limit.”

/r/philosophy Thread Link - marxists.org