Not gonna cover everything that's changed in the last 5-10 years, as it's so much, but there are a couple of things that really stand out to me on the consumer side of things, as it's a consumer-driver industry like any other but consumer decisions in relation to bikes are especially irrational:
1) Consumer performance expectations are radically lower than they were before - everyone keeps saying 50hp or even less is enough engine power, inferior chassis designs e.g. steel cradle chassis are 'good enough', as are dual rear shocks (Mash 400/500, Enfield, etc.). I suppose they are, because biking no longer means speeding/breaking laws to lots of people, hence even 1980s technological advancements are redundant in their hands. After all, every bike 'handles nicely' when you don't push its limits.
2) Consumers saying legislative measures imposing restrictions on freedom are necessary. For example, they now say you 'need' ABS brakes because they outperform non-ABS brakes, therefore everyone should be forced to have ABS brakes. Every successive click of this legislative ratchet (a ratchet is a rotating tool that only advances in one direction, regardless of the opposite force applied) is approved by bikers now. It's the same ratchet that forced everyone to wear helmets, tried to force leg protectors, etc. and a clear sign (to me) that bikers will happily help to legislate themselves out of existence within 20 years.
3) You can become an 'advanced' rider now not longer after your 3-day DAS course, no miles, no years in the saddle, no progression through cc or engine capacities needed. Just join IAM, or ROSPA, or do an ERS, and you're 'advanced' within a couple of weeks. You've outgrown a 150hp on the first day, because you twisted it open wide in a straight line on an empty road, came home and felt like a hero. You know all about advanced riding techniques because you position to the left or ride of your lane when approaching a bend. You're in with the advanced crowd within a couple of weeks because you obeyed the course and followed the instructions given by someone.
4) A bike is a disposable commodity now, bought on credit and replaced every couple of years. Every new bike is a Harley, in that regard. They're designed to be 'personalised' by replacing the mirrors or affixing a tail tidy. That's it. Just forget substantially rebuilding the bike, because a) the owners don't really own the bike - the credit company does; b) nobody seems interested in that side of things. You don't see people working on them outside anymore. It's almost like working on a bike, or modifying it to suit yourself and your riding, is a mark of low status. Car guys are still keeping up the tradition though.