The only way a sitting President can be removed is through a successful impeachment. Impeachment requires a simple majority in the House to begin the proceedings, which the democrats can do on their own. The Senate then takes the impeachment trial and delivers a verdict. A guilty verdict requires a 2/3rds majority vote. So to answer your question, the Senate can prevent the impeachment of Trump. And yes, it will all end right then and there if the senate does not find him guilty.

This system is based on the foundation of our government, checks and balances. This is the best system, regardless if one side, or the other, does not like the outcome.