I would say there is a much higher chance that Jon died during the mutiny and warged into Ghost than him simply surviving the stabbing. Here is what Varamyr experiences when his second life begins:
His wolves would save him, he told himself.
That was his last thought as a man.
True death came suddenly; he felt a shock of cold, as if he had been plunged into the icy waters of a frozen lake. Then he found himself rushing over moonlit snows with his packmates close behind him. Half the world was dark. One Eye, he knew. He bayed, and Sly and Stalker gave echo. (Prologue, ADWD)
At the end of his last chapter, Jon whispers "Ghost", falls into the snow, and feels cold, but he doesn't feel the fourth knife. I think his second life began at that moment, just as Varamyr's did. He didn't feel the fourth knife because his spirit/consciousness was no longer inhabiting his body. There's also this quote from Melisandre:
Now he was a man, now a wolf, now a man again. But the skulls were here as well, the skulls were all around him. (Melisandre I, ADWD)
Some people have argued that Melisandre is simply seeing Jon's nature as a warg, but this doesn't explain the presence of the skulls, which are obviously associated with death. This vision makes much more sense if Jon dies, wargs into Ghost, and then returns as a man.
Back to the Varamyr chapter, there's this quote:
He had known what Snow was the moment he saw that great white direwolf stalking silent at his side. One skinchanger can always sense another. Mance should have let me take the direwolf. There would be a second life worthy of a king. He could have done it, he did not doubt. The gift was strong in Snow, but the youth was untaught, still fighting his nature when he should have gloried in it. (Prologue, ADWD)
Jon continues to fight his nature throughout ADWD even though his connection to Ghost grows stronger. He also ignores Melisandre's repeated warnings to keep his wolf close. Why spend the time building up Jon's relationship with Ghost if it's not going to lead anywhere, if he's simply going to survive the stabbing? Wouldn't it make much more sense for Jon to die, which would force himself to accept his status as a warg? The "second life worthy of a king" line is also interesting as Jon is associated with kings on another occasion in ADWD:
He rose and dressed in darkness, as Mormont's raven muttered across the room. "Corn," the bird said, and, "King," and, "Snow, Jon Snow, Jon Snow." That was queer. The bird had never said his full name before, as best Jon could recall.
So I would say the foreshadowing for Jon dying and warging into Ghost is quite strong.