First of all, you did not need to buy iCloud storage. It’s free up to 5 gigs which is enough for most people.

Next, you need to turn on photos in your iCloud settings on phone. It’s at the top of the settings page, in your account settings with your name. Inside that follow it to iCloud, there will be all the toggles for what you do or don’t want to sync with your iCloud. Turn on photos, and every photo on your phone will now appear in your iCloud page on your web browser on your pc.

Note: apple makes it seem like you have to install the iCloud app on your windows machine to use it. You don’t and I’ve never really seen the point in it, but that’s just me. Just use your browser to go to iCloud.com and log in from there and you’ll see everything that you have sync turned on for in your phone. Like contacts and calendars etc.