Is Louisiana like an American version of Quebec?

Not so much French culture in a general sense as it is its own culture with French roots.

Creole culture is rooted in African and island cultures with French and Spanish influence, these were the people uprooted from their homes and sent to the new world as slaves by the French and Spanish.

Cajun culture is somewhat based on old French culture. By the time of the Seven Years War, the French had been living in Canada for almost 100 years. They became the Acadians. After the Acadians fought to save their homeland from British expansion, alongside the First Nations peoples of Canada, who were also fighting to stop the British from taking everything, they were forced to leave. Families were separated, ending up in different ports in the US. Some Acadians eventually made their way here where the name evolved to Cajun over time.

French language stuck around for awhile and non-Louisianans had a hand in nearly killing the culture altogether. Kids who couldn't speak English were beaten horribly by teachers not from this state for speaking French. They were shamed so badly that many never passed on the language to their children and grandchildren. Keep in mind that this happened in the early 20th century.

All of it would be unfamiliar to people of France, even if they could visit 120 years ago. The versions of French spoken here would have been what was spoken in France 250-300 years ago.

Beyond having French street and road signs, there's not much French culture left. It's Louisiana's culture.

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