3. MIT engineers design the first synthetic circuit that consists entirely of fast,...

MIT engineers design the first synthetic circuit that consists entirely of fast, reversible protein-protein interactions.

No, not really at all.

Neurons permit the transfer of signals through the release of neurotransmitting compounds and ions. The neurons do not undergo meaningful changes in their structure when signals are passed through the neurons. Please see this website for a general overview of neuron activity in the presence of transmittable information: https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain-basics/brain/brain-physiology/action-potentials-and-synapses

If neurons changed their physical conformation in the face of neuronal (not sure this is the right word) changes, there would be much more significant impacts on biology associated with the brain not getting good quality data in sufficient time.

The research described here might have applications in the treatment of specific diseases. In other words, telling biological units how to react to new information could be useful in targeted treament of diseases.

However, based on the abstract, the authors are describing the repeatable and reversible morphological in certain proteins in the presence of suitable "protein conformation change agents" (the quote is my paraphrasing of the abstract). In the abstract, they mention phosphorylation as the driving force behind conformational change.

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