Alexander The Great (358bc-323bc) had, allegedly, a similar philosophy...although it requires a leap of faith to believe that, in valuing other cultures, the way to apply value is through conquest. But, still, after conquering, it did give rise to the use of learned people to visit distant lands, to seek out knowledge, and to return parchments of knowledge to the Great Museum of Alexandria. Greek Society, predicated on open ness and valuing other culture, essentially gave rise to a slave based culture, and a conflict with the Christian Religion, which eventually led to its collapse in about 600AD.

Western culture was stuck in the Dark Ages from the time of Ptolemy (about 100Ad), who posited that the earth was flat and the centre of planetary motion, which gave rise the Flat Earth beliefs, until the time of Copernicus and the heliocentric model of planetary motion (about 1550Ad).

Within more enlightened areas, it is perhaps not surprising that Genghis Khan (1182-1227) was effective in uniting nomadic tribes, giving rise to the Mongel empire.