> If we passed down the belief of gravitational forces throughout our universe, but don’t pass down the math or concepts that constitute evidence of those forces, someone who says they believe in gravity would still be required to provide evidence for those claims.

But in the sciences we don't teach students the experiment that proved each thing we know. Just a few of the important experiments are taught. Only students of the history of science study this stuff in depth, not scientists themselves. For example, very few students of physiology or biology study William Harvey's book detailing his evidence of the circulation of the blood, even though it is a short book. Very few astronomy students study Kepler's arguments and evidence backing up his laws of planetary motion. Very few aspiring chemists study the evidence amassed by Lavoisier.