Depending on the state, this would most likely be charged the same as intentionally spreading an infectious disease.

Those laws are mostly written around HIV and other deadly infections, and in those cases you can be charged with attempted murder. Not saying that happens often, just that’s what the general thinking around all of this is. Seeing as covid is definitely deadly, it would definitely see that as a possibility. But the severity of the charge comes down to how malevolent the person is; was it intentional or just reckless?

If someone does get intentionally infected, then they would be able to sue (and probably win) in civil court for any damages related to the illness (medical bills, lost wages, etc)