Is there a philosophy that claims that everyone's actions and thoughts are products of their environments?

I think you are describing a sort of determinism, but I think you may be especially interested in Nietzsche's critique of morality. He states that a person's moral beliefs/actions are determined by specific facts about that person e.g. the environment they grew up in.

Here's the SEP page on this topic(specifically the section titled "Critique of the Descriptive Component of MPS"): https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nietzsche-moral-political

One good quote from that article which quotes his work *On the Genealogy of Morals*:

Nietzsche sums up the idea well in the preface to On the Genealogy of Morality (hereafter simply “Genealogy” or “GM”): “our thoughts, values, every ‘yes,’ ‘no,’ ‘if’ and ‘but’ grow from us with the same inevitability as fruits borne on the tree — all related and each with an affinity to each, and evidence of one will, one health, one earth, one sun” (GM P:2). Nietzsche seeks to understand in naturalistic terms the type of “person” who would necessarily bear such ideas and values, just as one might come to understand things about a type of tree by knowing its fruits. And just as natural facts about the tree explain the fruit it bears, so too type-facts about a person will explain his values and actions.

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