my gf is from china when they had the 1 child law. she was married and had 1 kid. a couple of years later she got pregnant with her 2nd child. she had to flee her province to avoid being penalized. she had to leave her husband and son . she had the kid but in the meantime her husband found another woman.
"To enforce existing birth limits (of one or two children), provincial governments could, and did, require the use of contraception, sterilizations and abortions to ensure compliance, and imposed enormous fines for violations. Local and national governments created commissions to promote the program and monitor compliance."