It’s great to have a clear idea of your character and how they would act, but maybe if this is a recurring issue- you should factor that in.

The lone wolf, thinks he is better off alone ranger, the would rather just rob drunks in a tavern rogue or the violence against anything sentient Paladin can be great in concept, but this is a team game.

Either your character has some flexibility, or the thing they believe so passionately about can’t be clearly opposed to the way the game works.

Of course it is horses for courses, some characters fit better in certain games and with certain groups than others, but if that happens there is nothing wrong with doing exactly what you did, have the character part ways, then come back with one that gels with the rest of your party a bit better.

Also nothing wrong with inter-party conflict, but some characters just unfortunately aren’t gonna work in certain games/groups