1|Gem #|Gem Name|  Base GP Value|Description| | | | | | | |||||||||||   2|1|Agate|10|Agate is a banded form of finely-grained, microcrystalline quartz. The lovely color patterns and banding make this  translucent gemstone very unique. Agates can have many distinctive styles and patterns, but each agate is unique in itsown habit, with no two agates being the same.| | | | | | |   3|   4|   5|2|Alexandrite|500|Alexandrite, with its chameleon-like qualities, is a rare variety of the mineral chrysoberyl. Its color can be a lovely green  indaylight or fluorescent light, changing to brownish or purplish red in the incandescent light from a lamp or candle flame.This is a result of the complex way the mineral absorbs light. Alexandrite’s dramatic color change is sometimes describedas “emerald by day, ruby by night.” Other gems also change color in response to a light-source change, but this gem’stransformation is so striking that the phenomenon itself is often called “the alexandrite effect.”| | | | | | |   6|   7|   8|   9|   10|3|Amber|100|Amber is an organic gem. Organic gems are the products of living or once-living organisms and biological processes.  Amber formed tens of millions of years ago, when sap from ancient trees hardened and fossilized. Scientists andcollectors treasure amber that contains suspended animal or plant fragments. These fossilized bits of once-living thingswere trapped in the hardening amber, creating a fascinating time capsule.| | | | | | |   11|   12|   13|   14|4|Amethyst|100|Amethyst is the purple variety of the quartz mineral species. It’s the gem that’s most commonly associated with the color  purple, even though there are other purple gems such as sapphire and tanzanite. Its purple color can be cool and bluish,or a reddish purple that’s sometimes referred to as “raspberry.”| | | | | | |   15|   16|   17|5|Aquamarine|500|Aquamarine is the green-blue to blue variety of the mineral beryl. (Emerald is the green to bluish green variety of the  same mineral.) Its color is usually a light pastel greenish blue. Aquamarine crystals are known to be large in size andrelatively clean and well-formed, making them particularly valuable to collectors of mineral specimens.| | | | | | |   18|   19|   20|6|Azurite|10|Azurite owes its name to its beautiful azure-blue color, which makes it a very popular and well-known mineral. Azurite  often occurs with green Malachite, which may form green stains or specks on Azurite crystals or aggregates.The two minerals sometimes occur admixed or banded together, forming what is called "Azure-malachite" in the gem andmineral trades.| | | | | | |   21|   22|   23|   24|7|Bloodstone|50|The mineral aggregate heliotrope, also known as bloodstone, is a variety of jasper or chalcedony (which is a  cryptocrystalline mixture of quartz). The "classic" bloodstone is green jasper (chalcedony) with red inclusions of hematite.The red inclusions are supposed to resemble spots of blood; hence the name "bloodstone". The name "heliotrope"derives from various ancient notions about the manner in which the mineral reflects light.| | | | | | |   25|   26|   27|   28|8|Carnelian|50|Carnelian (also spelled cornelian) is a brownish-red mineral commonly used as a semi-precious gemstone. Similar to  carnelian is sard, which is generally harder and darker (the difference is not rigidly defined, and the two names are oftenused interchangeably). Both carnelian and sard are varieties of the silica mineral chalcedony colored by impurities of ironoxide. The color can vary greatly, ranging from pale orange to an intense almost-black coloration.| | | | | | |   29|   30|   31|   32|9|Chalcedony|50|Chalcedony is the form of Quartz that is compact and microcrystalline. It occurs in many different forms, colors, and  patterns, and many varieties have been used as gemstones since antiquity. In the gemstone trade, the term Chalcedonyis often used specifically to describe the white, gray, or blue translucent type of Chalcedony, but its technical termincludes all additional varieties.| | | | | | |   33|   34|   35|   36|10|Chrysoberyl|100|Chrysoberyl is a hard, tough, and durable gem. Although lacking the fire of other gemstones, Chrysoberyl in its various  forms can be quite valuable. Most Chrysoberyl gems are yellow, though some are brown, green, or orange. Chrysoberylis best known for its important varieties Alexandrite and Cat's Eye. Alexandrite is a rare and expensive form that exhibitsdifferent colors in natural and artificial light. Cat's Eye is Chrysoberyl that is polished into a cabochon and highlychatoyant, displaying a sharp line of light through the center of the stone.| | | | | | |   37|   38|   39|   40|   41|11|Chrysoprase|50|Called the stone of Venus, chrysoprase is the rarest and most valuable rich apple-green gemstone in the chalcedony  family and was often mistaken for emeralds by ancient jewelers. Unlike emeralds, which owe their color to the presenceof chromium, the bright spring green of chrysoprase is a result of trace amounts of nickel.| | | | | | |   42|   43|   44|12|Citrine|50|Citrine—the transparent, pale yellow to brownish orange variety of quartz—is rare in nature. In the days before modern  gemology, its tawny color caused it to be confused with topaz. Citrine’s attractive color, plus the durability and affordabilityit shares with most other quartzes, makes it the top-selling yellow-to-orange gem. It’s an attractive alternative not only fortopaz, but also for yellow sapphire. The finest citrine color is a saturated yellow to reddish orange free of brownish tints.| | | | | | |   45|   46|   47|   48|13|Coral|100|Unlike most other gemstones which are of mineral origin, Coral is organic, formed by living organisms. It forms from  branching, antler-like structures created from coral polyps in tropical and subtropical ocean waters. When the coralpolyps die, the hardened skeleton remains, and this material is what is used as a gemstone. Most coral is white, butnature can create coral in several other colors, including the popular orange to red forms. This Red Coral, or PreciousCoral as it is often known by, is the most used gemstone form of Coral. In fact, the color known as coral is derived fromthe typical pinkish-orange color of many red Coral gemstones.| | | | | | |   49|   50|   51|   52|   53|14|Corundum|1000|Corundum is a very hard, tough, and stable mineral. For all practical purposes, it is the hardest mineral after diamond,  making it the second hardest mineral. It is also unaffected by acids and most environments. Translucent brown corundumand emery are the most common forms of corundum. These are fairly common forms, and due to their great hardnessand prevalence are the most favorable abrasives.| | | | | | |   54|   55|   56|   57|15|Diamond|5000|Diamond’s characteristic chemical composition and crystal structure make it a unique member of the mineral kingdom.  Diamond is the only gem made of a single element: It is typically about 99.95 percent carbon. Another mineral, graphite,also contains only carbon, but its formation process and crystal structure are very different. The result is that graphite isso soft that you can write with it, while diamond is so hard that you can only scratch it with another diamond.| | | | | | |   58|   59|   60|   61|16|Emerald|1000, 5000|Emerald is the green to greenish blue variety of beryl, a mineral species that also includes aquamarine as well as beryls  in other colors. Gem experts differ on the degree of green that makes one stone an emerald and another stone aless-expensive green beryl. Some people in the trade tend to give the name emerald to any green beryl colored bychromium. But to most gemologists, gemological laboratories, and colored stone dealers, it is more correct to call a stonegreen beryl when its color is "too light" for it to be classified as emerald. Even among that group, however, there's adifference of opinion about what's considered "too light."| | | | | | |   62|   63|   64|   65|   66|   67|17|Garnet|100, 500|Garnets are a set of closely related minerals that form a group, resulting in gemstones in almost every color. Red garnets  have a long history, but modern gem buyers can pick from a rich palette of garnet colors: greens, oranges, pinkishoranges, deeply saturated purplish reds, and even some blues. Red garnet is one of the most common and widespreadof gems, found in metamorphic rocks (which are rocks altered by heat and pressure) on every continent. But not allgarnets are as abundant as the red ones. A green garnet, tsavorite, also occurs in metamorphic rocks, but it’s rarerbecause it needs unusual rock chemistries and special conditions to form.| | | | | | |   68|   69|   70|   71|   72|   73|18|Hematite|10|Hematite is colored black to steel or silver-gray, brown to reddish brown, or red. It is mined as the main ore of iron.  Varieties include kidney ore, martite (pseudomorphs after magnetite), iron rose and specularite (specular hematite). Whilethe forms of hematite vary, they all have a rust-red streak. Hematite is harder than pure iron, but much more brittle.Maghemite is a hematite- and magnetite-related oxide mineral.| | | | | | |   74|   75|   76|   77|19|Iolite|50|This silicate of aluminum, iron, and magnesium has two distinctive features—a beautiful, violetish blue through slightly  violetish blue hue derived from iron and a striking, eye-visible pleochroism.