3. The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. XII-XVIII

The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. XII-XVIII

Although there are various forms of expectation for the continuation of the Davidic line in post-Exilic Judaism, the "messiah;' as applied to a figure of future expectation, appears for the first time in Dan 9:25-26. Psalms of Solomon 17-18 express the hope for an anointed Davidic king who would be sent by God. As M. de Jonge has commented (Stranger 77-116), where "messiah" does appear, its meaning is to be derived more from the context in which it is used rather than from a previously-set conception. Fitzmyer argues ("Messianism" 104-105) that the use of the term in the SDQ indicates a development beyond that of the Jewish Scriptures. In these documents, it is used of the prophets; it is used of a hoped-for figure sent by God; and it stands alongside other titles for such figures. In 1QS 9:11, the author speaks of an expectation of two messiahs, one priestly and one kingly. Thus, the use of the title for a figure of future expectation is not a Christian invention. However, in Christianity, it rapidly became the preeminent title given to Jesus and was associated with other titles and functions ("Lord;' cf. Acts 2:36; "Savior;" cf. Luke 2:11; "Son of God;' cf. John 2o:31; his suffering, cf. Luke 24:26, 46; his return at the Parousia, cf. 1 Thess 4:16-17). Thus, the most common confession was of "Jesus (as the) Christ." Although it almost certainly was meant as a traditional title in the earliest version of the Gospel, such a title was able to be interpreted by the authors of later editions in the greater sense in which they understood the term and so together with "Son of God" becomes a title that is found in all three editions of the Gospel (see also at v. 49). Because it was so widely applied to Jesus, as the understanding of the identity of Jesus developed, the meaning of "Christos" also changed. Thus, it is clear from the Johannine Gospel that at times it is understood in a way that is compatible with traditional Jewish expectations ("low Christology") while at other times it was used to refer to Jesus in his divinity ("high Christology").

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The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. VI-XI The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. VI-XI The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. I-V The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. I-V The Gospel of John: The Reminiscences of the Beloved Disciple Ch. XIX-XXI

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