A work visa is a Z visa but as I understand, you won't just be able to convert a visitor's visa, and if you're caught working on it you'll be deported. My advice is start looking for work now. Most likely you will need to go to HK once you've found a job and apply for a Z visa, then you have 30 days to go to the police in Wuhan and get it converted to a residence visa. Ultimately, if you're married you can get a spousal visa but it's a ball ache to get processed and I'm not even sure if you can work on it.

Long story short, this sub isn't the place to do your research, come up with a plan, don't just turn up and wing it. Red tape is bloody awful in China and sorting anything administrative out can take days of travelling to the police station only to be told to come back with another piece of paperwork, again and again, until they decide to process you. You used to be able to simply bribe them to do it faster but do NOT attempt this these days, no matter what some people will tell you. Beijing is cracking down on corruption big time and you will be deported, at best.

I don't want to give you some scare story but I simply don't recommend turning up and winging it. Unless you speak Mandarin, you will find that almost nobody speaks English and you will struggle to do any research. Learning kung fu seems like a fun idea but the teacher will not speak English and - frankly - may not want to teach a foreigner. Study, again, seems like a good idea but study what, and where? It's very short notice for a September start at a university. Again, the language barrier will be very challenging. If you want to study Chinese, yeah, there are lots of private tutors available but you're unlikely to find a structured academic course because there simply isn't the demand with so so few foreigners in the city. If you want to pursue any line of work beyond teaching English, you're better off applying from outside the country. Really. You won't be able to turn up and start applying for positions with Western companies based in Wuhan. I recommend applying for jobs with English language schools, because it's the easiest 'in', your visa will be taken care of and you will get a 12 month residence permit. Then you'll at least have a base, some structure and some contact with Westerners on the ground who can advise you further.

Good luck.