Assuming it's not a fantastically large database or number of rows, if you do regular backups, restore the most recent backup you have (and hopefully that includes transaction log backups) to a separate database (do NOT overwrite the existing one).

Compare the table in the restored database to the existing one. If it's a simple enough table, you should hopefully be able to generate an insert statement or statements. Keep an eye out for foreign key dependencies.

If you have a DBA or a SQL Developer on staff, definitely ping them.

Worst case scenario is you do that restore to your live database, and have to rebuild all the info that changed since the last backup.