Of the 20-plus colleges, universities and large school districts contacted across Southern California, all said students may not record in the classroom without the teacher’s permission.
That stance is backed by state law, with one exception: Instructors must permit students with a disability to record if that helps them learn. Any violator could be disciplined by the school.
Faculty may prohibit recordings, and may copyright them. It’s completely legal and reasonable for a professor to allow recording as a DRC accommodation, but to retain copyright and (for example) prohibit redistributing the recordings.