Yeah, it's weird - I still don't have any hard numbers on how it reduces cooldowns, and the overheating isn't consistent at all.

The cooldown reduction seems to just be a percentage decrease. All of the cooldowns become faster by a certain amount.

The overheating is hard to pin down though. It seems to be based around the number of abilities you activate during the overclock period, regardless of which abilities those are. So if you use overclock to drop 4 scans, 2 jammers, 10 squad orders, and 5 backdoors, you're probably going to trigger the overheating.

The overheating then selects some number of random abilities (the number possibly being based on how much you spammed during overclock), and times those out for a certain amount of time. Activating another overclock seems to reactivate these abilities, but it's also a little hard to work out whether, after reactivation, the abilities will start their cooldowns again, or if they'll be ready right away.

I've had rounds where overclock on cooldown has allowed me to get squad upgrades out within a minute of each other. Other rounds, it's closer to three minutes. I have no idea exactly how it's doing that, but I assume it's something to do with randomly allocating the overheating. That randomness feels kind of lazy to me - if the game knows you just spammed 15 squad orders in a row, overheat that ability - that's the one that shouldn't work. Instead, they just pick some random abilities to lock out, leaving you with less control over your cooldowns in general. You could end up without a scan just because you wanted to give a lot of orders.

I'm really hoping that someone can work out some exact values for this stuff, but with what seems like a lot of randomness, I don't know how that's possible.