"I think it also made me very adept at reading conversations, cues and body language and I could predict whether it would lead to an argument or not." Se, Fe, Ne or Ni
(Possibilities: ISTP, INTP, ENTP, INTJ, ENTJ, ESTJ, ISTJ)
"I had become very good at reading social cues, though I do sometimes play dumb amongst my friends just annoy them or get a reaction out of them." (Tert Fe.)
OP suggests thinker function before feeling:
"not averse to conflict. In fact, at times, I look forward to it. Be it verbal or physical."
Math: "I like it because it is critical thinking and problem-solving." (Ti more than Te)
(Possibilities: ISTP, INTP, ENTP, INTJ, ENTJ, ESTJ, ISTJ)
Thoughts: OP doesn't give clarity but implies Ti (hints at Te tho idk why):
"I deeply subscribe to logical thinking and being objective in situations." (Ti and Ne)
"As long as you can back up your point with evidence and logic, you would always be correct." (Te or Ti both do this)
"I always think of the most straightforward course of action and the most calculated action when it comes to getting what I want." (Te)
"I do value efficiency and productivity. However, it is something that I very much struggle with." (Wondering if OP is dom Te or Ti user masking with critical parent Te. Seems like Ti user)
"Other times I envision how I would like to be seen in the future, regardless of how unrealistic or glorified it may seem." (Ne or Ni)
Ambivert:
"I wouldn't really feel lonely if it is just for a weekend. I don't really require constant socializing. In fact, I am pretty sure that I would find some activity to do during it."
OP Ne + Ti:
"I love working with hypotheticals. I have brief moments where I could test it in real life."
OP inferior Fi:
"In most situations, my curiosity concerns people and how they act. How to get under people's skin etc." (sounds like tert Fe)
"The reason I do it, sometimes its because it is a nice and the right thing to do. Other times because I am returning a favour." (Fe > Fi)
High Ne + inferior Si:
"However, this is mostly when it concerns moments with friends and family, every break up and failure. When it comes to technical or theoretical information, unless I am very interested in the topic, it is unlikely that I will retain it" (The ability to memorize things is primarily irrelevant to Si, but the fact that OP states, "unless I am very interested in the topic, it is unlikely that I will retain it" suggests high Ne and a limited grasp on Si. Grasps Si for Fe purposes)
"Sometimes I use the past as a driving force to keep me motivated in the present" (sounds like a Ne dom thing that feeds off of inferior Si)
"put the general information in it. Because when it comes closer to the deadline, I can expand on the information in greater detail" (Ne vagueness, expanding from singular concept)
"The books I have been reading are biographies on previous generals and commanders, like alexander the great and Genghis khan. Mainly because I love History and war, and reading their stories motivates me or uplifts my mindset." (Strong interest in History suggests interest in entertaining inferior Si)
"I break up tasks into components and it helps me to see all the routes the individual components can take" (This is clear Ne)
"I am not artistic myself, but I do love renaissance art." (again, Si)
"I am not very present-oriented, that is to say, I typically think about how an action can lead to another action and its future implications" (OP does not experience inferior Ni, sounds more Ne)
"I want success and power. But my aspirations always switch." (Seems like there's an internal struggle there with Te and Ne. OP is Ne dom)
"But now I mostly just swallow the sadness and bury myself in work so that I don't have to deal with it." (tert Fe)
Conclusion: ENTP. OP suggests Te dom, but it seems he is a strong Ne user. ENTP has critical Te parent which could be the conflict between deciphering between ENTP and ENTJ.