Ok, first the spaceships. Or, voidships if you'd prefer, since space doesn't really exist in Aurbis the same way it does in our universe.
Visits to Aetherius occur even less frequently than to Oblivion, for the void is a long expanse and only the stars offer portal for aetherial travel, or the judicious use of magic. The expeditions of the Reman Dynasty and the Sun Birds of Alinor are the most famous attempts in our histories, and it is a cosmic irony that both of them were eventually dissolved for the same reason: the untenable expenditures required to reach magic by magicka. Their only legacy is the Royal Imperial Mananauts of the Elder Council and the great Orrery at Firsthold, whose spheres are made up of genuine celestial mineral gathered by travelers during the Merethic Era.
--Pocket Guide to the Empire, 3rd Edition
The titular structure from Battlespire was an example of a voidship. Possibly one of the aforementioned Reman Dynasty endeavors. The Cyrodillic Empire even had colonies on the moons, although it's not known what became of them.
And that's not even the only moon colony. The khajiit also established one, but they didn't have any fancy mananauts, they just piled on top of each other until it was high enough to climb up onto one of the moons. Can't remember which one. They named the province Lleswer, and, since moonsugar is still in ample supply, it's evidently still going. And yes, moonsugar is, in part, made from actual moon-stuff.
Now, onto the robots. Did you play Oblivion? Specifically Knights of the Nine? If so, remember Pelinal Whitestrake? Yeah, well, if you read the Song of Pelinal, you would've learned his true nature in Volume 2.
[And then] Kyne granted Perrif another symbol, a diamond soaked red with the blood of elves, [whose] facets could [un-sector and form] into a man whose every angle could cut her jailers and a name: PELIN-EL [which is] "The Star-Made Knight" [and he] was arrayed in armor [from the future time].
Pelinal came to Allesia as the Chim-el Adabal itself, the Red Diamond. Or that big gem in the Amulet of Kings. And then it unformed into a blood-crazed knight, adorned in armor like nothing that existed yet. The Crusader's Relics. Furthermore...
Pelinal called out Haromir of Copper and Tea into a duel at the Tor, and ate his neck-veins while screaming praise to Reman, a name that no one knew yet.
Emphasis mine, obviously. And guess what was lost for centuries after Allesia's time, and only resurfaced when it was found upon baby Reman's head? The Chim-el Adabal. Also, unrelated but Reman was born from a mountain, after his father fucked a pile of dirt.
Now, I think that makes the time-travelling part pretty clear, but in-case the bit about transforming out of the gem wasn't enough proof for the robot side of things...
beneath the Pelinal's star-armor was a chest that gaped open to show no heart, only a red rage shaped diamond-fashion,
And,
he was Pelinal the Whitestrake because of his left hand, made of a killing light
Pelinal was robot. A time-traveling, elf-hating, batshit crazy robot. I fucking love Elder Scrolls lore.
