Except the examples in the article are women choosing part time work. The value society places on professions are based on full time workers, not part time workers.

Word 'choosing' is doing a lot of heavy work there. Also that's not how we place value at all? We place value based on the work done, not the mere fact that someone is part-time. And none of this addresses the issue in the article anyway.

It's implied that women work less due to parental responsibilities, but the examples quoted have teenage children so at some point this becomes a personal choice issue.

Because teenagers don't require any care?

A different spin would be too advocate for cheaper childcare to allow people who study for degrees to work full time and maximise the value of their skills to society.

Sure, do that. It's a solution to the problem of women having to do care work at the same time as professional work that you say is a choice and doesn't actually matter and can be left undone.