That's not exactly true. Many employers do training but only for the lowest of skill positions and this isn't because those employees are dumb but because those positions are ones where a human eye is needed and has standard protocols to be followed.
When you work your way up the corporate ladder there is less training because the positions are either personnel management or a highly skilled position that many times can't be taught.
How do you exactly train someone to code in C# and train them to problem solve? Programmers and other high skill positions are usually hired on for internships which allows them to learn on the job which creates scenerios that aren't easily recreated in the classroom. You are given the basics of programming in schools, but to be successful you must be resourceful and to learn on your own.
That is why a lot of college is self study and learning. It should prove you can learn on your own, be presented with a challenge and be resourceful enough to over come it. Professors will give demonstrations of the things you'll be learning and help give you eye opening information to help you understand the application on the subject to real life... but they aren't training you for employment.
Unless you are seeking a low level employment position, don't expect much training other than (1) here is where hr information is (2) here is where the bathroom is (3) here is where you submit time off requests (4) here is where you submit IT requests... ect ect.
If you are a programmer you'll get dropped in Day 1 and you'll find yourself asking ,"Where is my msdn? Where is our source control? What is our development strategy? What do you want me to work on? Who are my customers? Where do I get support tickets for future development or bug requests? Where do I go for vpn access?"
If I asked someone to teach me coding, I'd be fired shortly after. It's one thing if I don't know something and am shown something, its another if I don't know squat.
If you have a pretty ambiguous degree and your trying to break into project management position... they expect you to understand the role and your responsibilities. You may get some training as far as what the company product is and what your onboarding process for a new client is or what tasks are necessary for a project type but don't expect to be trained on using phones or emails.
I don't think that was your intent when you wrote that.
However, if I'm hiring a Director over a department. The staff over the director don't know the requirements of the position. It's some personnel management and some department leadership.
You can't train for that. Some directors don't know all the responsibilities their managers below them perform. Some managers don't know all the tasks responsible of their skilled staff that report to them. Some skilled staff dont know all the responsibilities of the staff that was there before them. How do you train for that?
Simply, you dont. College doesn't teach details of business specific to that business type. What a DBA at one company might do may have much more requirements at one position than at another business.
I'm rambling now.