It's worth noting that the base-10 Klingon counting system is actually a new, modernized system used to facilitate interstellar trade and the handling of modern technology.

At some point in Klingon history, they used a triadic counting system which divided things into groups of three. So you'd count "One, two, three, three and one, three and two, two threes, two threes and one, two threes and two, three threes, three threes and one, three threes and two, four threes..." ...and then it got complicated (unfortunately, we don't know much more about it than that).

This is reflected in the fact that while the words for "one", "two" and "three" have distinct roots, the words for 4-8 are all taken from the Klingon nonatonical musical scale.

^{The origin of the word Hut, "nine", is unknown at this point. My own pet theory is that it is derived from q'uty, which an archaic form of the word Hoch, meaning "every" or "all".}

^{Klingons appear to associate the number nine with some degree of completeness, as many units of measurement are divided into nines. This may be related to the fact that a counting system based on threes would find a group of three threes particularly complete, and also the fact that they have a nonatonical music scale. Again, however, this is entirely my own pet theory and purely speculative.}

That being said, it's certainly true that there are many counting systems on Earth (ain both natlangs and conlangs) that are much more interesting than that. I can really recommend the book Universal History of Numbers: From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer by Georges Ifrah, which describes a lot of these systems and provides some immaculate illustrations and theoretical background. You might never read the whole thing cover to cover (it's over 1000 large pages long), but just flipping through it is an experience.