If an astronaut travel in a spaceship near the speed of light for one year. Because of the speed, the time inside the ship has only been one hour. How much cosmic radiation has the astronaut and the ship been bombarded? Is it one year or one hour?

That's the funny thing.

Say you go with a train that is at 90% of the light speed. You have a laser gun. You shoot it in the direction of the train. You would assume that - just like with shooting a ball or a bullet - that the light will escape your laser gun very slowly. At 10% of the speed of light.

That is not what is happening. The light will still travel at 100% light speed, even for you it will appear like the light is going at 190% light speed. What the heck, that is not possible is it?

It's not. For someone on the outside, light still goes at 100% light speed. In fact for any observer, light always goes at 100% light speed. You cannot catch up with light by just going fast enough after it.

This is all possible because light has no mass. That's relativity folks.

As a matter of fact, what we often hear - "nothing can travel quicker than the speed of light", is merely a consequence of one big assumption: The assumption that any observer will see light travel at the same speed - the speed of light.

/r/askscience Thread Parent