That music was dEU creation 1952 - Formation of the coal and steel community.
France, Germany, Belgium, Italy,Luxemborg and the
Netherlands 1973-UK, Ireland, and Denmark Join 1981-Greece joins 1986-Spain and Italy Join 1995- Austria, Finland, and Sweden join 2004- Chzech Republic, Estonia, Poland, Malta, Cyprus,
Hungary, Latvia, Lithunia, Slovokia, Slovenia 2007-Romania and Bulgaria join 2013-Croatia joins
Treaties
Teaty of Paris- Started the Coal and Steel community
1951 Treaty of Rome-Started Euratom or the European atomic
energy community. EEC- European economic community, to
create European market "Treaty of Rome" 1957 Single European Act- Created a single european market
by 1992 Maastrict Treaty-Established the EU, created the
central european bank and the Euro Treaty of Amsterdam Strengthened european parliment,
abolished border controls in schengen area Treaty of Nice- Expanded Parliament powers,
preperation for expansion, provide for representation
of new members, simplify decision making processes. Treaty of Lisbon- Implimented nearly all changes
proposed in the constitution. Perhaps 90% of the
constitution.
Institutions: European Council- Determines the direction of the EU.
Consists of the leaders of each member state. They are
elected by the people. Executive branch. Meets every
six months or on special occasion. Takes decisions by
concensus. President elected by qualified majority.
Majority of countries: 55%, comprising at least 15 of
them, if acting on a proposal from the Commission or
from the High Representative, or else 72%, and
Majority of population: 65%. Mr Herman Van Rompuy.
Intergovernmental European Parliament- Elected by the people.
Legislatiive
Commission- Non elected, executive. Does the day to
day work of the EU. Constituted of members who played
a role in their member states government, but they are
meant to be neutral and represent EU not their own
countries interests. A new commission is appointed
every 5 years. 28 commissioners. One from each member
country. Each in one area of policy. Votes by simple
majority but collective responsibility. Council of Ministers- Non elected, legislative-
Intergovernmental Legislative Executive Supranational Commission Council Intergovernmental Comm Parliament
democratic deficit- What i wrote the essay on
EU Policy Areas Economic, social, regulatory, and financial Solidarity policies- Helping the poorer areas.
Regional aid for impoverished areas and CAP for the
places that have much agriculture (social policies
retraining, health and safety)
Social Change- from Manufacturing economies to service
based economies in a post-industrial economy. Women in workforce- Dramatic increase Religious decline in general population of the EU but
not immigrants. Where as US is still relatively
religious compared to the EU Demographic change: Aging population for most of EU.
Baby boomers are dying off and retiring so the
workforce is shrinking putting a huge burden on the
working class.Societies are more wealthy, women in
workforce delaying marriage/childbirthing, and
contraception. Pensions crisis
Far right parties Immigration has not always been popular. Far right
parties express this most strongly. levels of support typically low. Sometimes results
more sensational, leading to participation in
government. Very fear mongering. Takes advantage of
old and stupid people. Support fluctuates
The turn from multiculturalism. After 911 and now the
paris attacks, Europe will move away from
multiculturalism because the proported danger of the
pockets of unadapted populations. Based on toleration
and respect move to integration: Become more like us. learn our language, and use our
norma. Growing concern over terrorism caused this.
Netherlands example; Clear turn to integration, even though netherlands are
typically liberal. Because of Murders of Pym fortuyn
(smart guy gay guy who was killed for speaking
logically about muslims) and Theo van gogh- Film
director.
Strong reactions to this caused the change to
integration. Children's programming was in 4 languages
and now it is required for foreigners to learn Dutch
and pass integration tests. This process has now
spread across Europe.
Transtlantic relationsions
FUCK BUSH, GET OBAMA.
US Westphalian and soverign while EU is moving past
that shit.Us works unilaterally.
Summaries
Transatlantic relations: EU is friends with US but it
is not guaranteed. There are major differences and US
has been to war with several European powers in the
past. Cold war Marshall plan to rebuild after WWII. Ally to EU during the war and after Nato. Bulwark against Soviet expansion over weak post WWII
Europe. After the fall of the soviet union US and EU
begant to be competitors. EU is a power block rather
than the us's hegemonic power. Therefore, EU has to
focus on multilateral power and soft power. Whereas
the US is more unilateral and uses hard power like
economic sanctions and stuff.
Bush ruined relationship with EU and most of the world
with his display of Hegemoronic and unilateral power
to do whatever the fuck he wanted.
The EU has since moved to a post westphalian system or
is moving there currently. The nations of EU are
giving their power to the EU rather than keeping it to
themselves and are giving up sovereignty to maintain a
strong EU. US remains very westphalian and wants to
remain powerful.
US also fails to ratify many treaties on human rights
and the environment even though it is fairly proactive
on them.
SOCIAL CHANGE Economic, Gender, demographic Changed from a manufacturing economy to a service
economy. Less workforce because of mechanization,
robots are more efficient and cheaper than humans,
jobs move over seas, more leisure time which means
more time to get services done.
Gender, more women in workforce. nearly half women are
in workforce now, but still do a large amount of house
work. Technology has made this possible, also smaller
families.
population is stagnating as baby boomers begin to age
yet people are not having many babies. Creating a
pension crisis and healthcare crisis.
Smaller homes because of more contraception,
liberalizing, and working, divorces, marry later.
Becoming less religious except for migrants.
MIGRATION: Migration is going up and faster than emigration. UK wants to reduce immigrants by allowing less skilled
workers and students to come into the country.
Students bring in almost 4 billion dollars each year
to the economy through school and also spend an
estimated 5 billion dollars a year too.
It is difficult to reduce immigration because people
can just come in sneakily and it's hard to detect them
in the population, so it would be expensive to do
that. More importantly, immigrants are needed because
of the aging population.
Turning away from multiculturalism because of terror
attacks and because of the economy and loss of jobs.
Instead of existing side by side with independent
cultures many want to enforce integration and have
immigrants adapt to the cultures and norms of western
culture.
In netherlands they have began to do this with
immigration tests and literacy tests after the Murders
of Pim and Theo van Gogh. Pim was a writer who was gay
and said that they were incompatible with western
culture and theo van gogh was stabbed by some guy and
nearly decapitated with knives stuck in him and a
letter.
Far right parties use these events to rally the people
against immigrants to create a more conservative
population. Cope with failure of integration, deal
with islamic extremism and prepare for more immigrants
are the major problems now.
-Immigration Part I Work shortage after economy boom after WWII. brought
in guests workers from around the world. UK allowed
anyone from the British empire to come to UK, also
france and holland. Workers typically brought over
their families as well. Recession in the 1970s ends this program and people
start to dislike migrants for taking jobs Asylum seekers are another type of immigrant who come
from violent areas to seek shelter from their home
country. All that you have to do is to enter a country
and ask for Asylum and then disappear into the
country. There is a big tabloid politicization of
Asylum seekers. UN scope changes in 1967 helped create
this. Public backlash so governments make it harder to
seek asylum. Now there are 2 types of migrants. Low and high
skilled. The high skilled are generally welcomed, but
the low skilled are seen as job stealers, even though
they work for cheaper and do jobs that most people do
not want to do. Governments help admit immigrants who
are needed. This helps the aging population problem
because immigrants pay taxes. Freedom of movement in the EU allows for any country
in the schengen area to travel without needed a visa.
It's just like the US. Illegal immigration too
These immigrants become an easy target for right wing
parties to attack. Since they can't vote they have no
power and create a strawman that politicians can easy
attack. Far right parties sensationalize immigration.
WHAT DOES THE EU DO? Important people -European Parliament: President- Martin Schulz "Voice
of the people" -European Council:President- Herman Van Rompuy "Voice
of the member states -The EU Commission-President- Jean-Claude Juncker
"Promoting the common interest" EU is very rich. Largest GDP but less per capita than dope