It's simple: if you're dealing with superior management, you need to state your case in well-reasoned in business terms i.e. how misallocating you adversely affects them.

For example: can somebody you hired and compensated as a software developer sweep floors? Absolutely. Is it typically beneficial to the company's cash flow situation to pay somebody market rate for a software development skill set and have them sweep floors? Absolutely not.

The labor market for floor sweeping is much different than that of software development; not only would a proper floor sweeper cost a lot less (in this hypothetical case), but somebody dedicated to it in one way or another would likely do a better job of it. They're losing in both regards.

So, that's how you broach it: "I'm doing X, but I'm skilled at (and paid to do) Y, and I'm a lot worse at X than somebody who is trained/specialized/skilled in X and I'm less effective at Y given how much of my time and effort are directed away from it (this is particularly compelling if "X" is a skill or function that actually has a lower cost of labor). You're losing a lot of money doing this." Of course, it's also implied that if you don't enjoy that other task, they could stand to lose even more money through turnover vis-a-vis you and others. You should never threaten that directly, of course (unless you really don't care about losing your job), but it will be understood.

If you're dealing with peer-level counterparts, you would take a different approach, but I'm not sure if that's contextually appropriate here.

Regardless, "I don't like this" or "I'm not doing this" isn't a compelling argument at all; the threats (implied or otherwise) that tend to follow aren't compelling either unless you happen to be particularly powerful or valuable (they may well decide it's easier to replace you than accept your demands). At the end of the day, nobody other than your first line manager (if even) gives a shit about you or what you want unless they're getting whatever it is they need or want out of you in return.