Not really WHAT they didn't teach me, rather HOW to teach me what I was struggling with.
One example are street names... I lived in a suburb and never really went anywhere so street names just never really stuck with me. I knew places/monuments/etc and how to get there. "The BP gas station near Wal-Mart," "Sushi restaurant near the college." If someone gave me directions the easiest way they could do so would be to say "Take the highway until you see the baseball stadium, then take the exit and turn right at the first light. Keep driving until you see the coffee shop and the next street is where the yarn store is, right across from Best Buy."
They insisted on telling me street names. "Take Knoxville to Glenn, and then go down University until you hit Main. Then you turn on Western and take that to Forrest Hill until you arrive at the yarn store." I would straight-up say "I do not know the road names, I can understand directions better if you tell me what is nearby" and they replied with "That's not how you learn."
Once I started driving more and more (and stopped listening to their directions and got GPS) I learned the street names. I can use street names now for the most part, but buildings and street names together are what help best.
Their logic could be applied anywhere. Need to do homework? Let's just sit you in a quiet room with just your books and you can't do anything until you're done. "Mom I work better with some music." No, music is just a distraction and an excuse... Even though I would literally sit at the table for hours and not do a damn thing when the place was quiet. Need help with something you don't understand? Let's just repeat the same exact thing and then start yelling it when you still aren't getting the concept. Oh, you aren't learning? Let's go ahead and schedule a "physical" with a doctor and trick you into going to a therapy session. Because obviously if you aren't learning, that's something where you are at fault and now you need fixed.
It was something that could have been changed so easily if they had just listened to me when I told them, time and time again, that I'm not learning because it isn't being presented to me in a way that I can recognize and understand. Instead my grades started suffering, both from me not understanding and also the subsequent depression and demotivation I was feeling from doing so badly in school and coming home to a hostile-feeling environment... just to go through it all again day after day.
With my first job I recognized that we had a lot of people like me. I really succeeded in making sure I could rephrase or pose a question in ways that everyone could understand. I really miss doing stuff like that.