The 19 meanings of OM

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In this video, I talk about the nineteen Sanskrit meanings of the word ‘om’, considered the most sacred and powerful utterance in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. The Sanskrit word ‘om’ is derived from the verb (root) ‘av’ by the rules ‘uṇadayo bahulam’ (Aṣṭādhyāyī 3.3.1) and ‘avateṣṭilopaśca’ (Uṇādi Sūtra 1.128). The derivation is: ava rakṣaṇa-gati-kānti-prīti-tṛptyavagama-praveśa-śravaṇa-svāmyartha-yācana-kriyecchā-dīptyavāptyāliṅgana-hiṃsādāna-bhāga-vṛddhiṣu (DP 1.600) → uṇadayo bahulam (PS 3.3.1) → avateṣṭilopaśca (US 1.128) → av man → ṭilopa → av m → jvaratvaraśrivyavimavāmupadhāyāśca (PS 6.4.20) → ū m → sārvadhātukārdhadhātukayoḥ (7.3.84) → ārdhadhātuka guṇa → o m → om The meaning is ‘avati iti om’: the performer of the action denoted by the verb ‘av’ is called ‘om’ in Sanskrit. The Pāṇinīya Dhātupāṭha lists the verb ‘av’ as the 600th entry with as many as nineteen meanings: ‘ava rakṣaṇa-gati-kānti-prīti-tṛptyavagama-praveśa-śravaṇa-svāmyartha-yācana-kriyecchā-dīptyavāptyāliṅgana-hiṃsādāna-bhāga-vṛddhiṣu.’ In accordance with these nineteen meanings of the verb ‘av’, there are nineteen meanings of the word ‘om’ in Sanskrit as follows: (1) rakṣaṇa (protection): ‘om’ means the protector (2) gati (motion): ‘om’ means eternally moving (3) kānti (charm or beauty): ‘om’ means the divine charmer (4) prīti (bliss or favourable disposition): ‘om’ means blissful or favourably disposed (5) tṛpti (satisfaction): ‘om’ means satisfied or contented (6) avagama (knowledge): ‘om’ means the omniscient (7) praveśa (entrance): ‘om’ means all-pervading (8) śravaṇa (hearing): ‘om’ means the listener (9) svāmyartha (rule): ‘om’ means the ruler (10) yācana (entreaty): ‘om’ means entreater (11) kriyā (action): ‘om’ means the doer (12) icchā (desire): ‘om’ means the well-wisher (13) dīpti (radiance): ‘om’ means radiant (14) avāpti (attainment): ‘om’ means the supreme attainer (15) āliṅgana (embrace): ‘om’ means all-embracing (16) hiṃsā (violence): ‘om’ means the destroyer [of vices or Karma] (17) ādāna: ‘om’ means the receiver (18) bhāga: ‘om’ means one that divides itself [into many] (19) vṛddhi: ‘om’ means the ever-growing. Compilation: Nityānanda Miśra References: [1] T. R. Chintamani (ed.) (1933), The Uṇādisūtras with the Vṛtti of Śvetavanavāsin, Madras: University of Madras, pp. 49–50. [2] Pushpa Dikshit (ed., tr.) (2011), Pāṇinīyadhātupāṭhaḥ Sārthaḥ, Mahādevaśāstrigranthamālā 19, New Delhi: Samskrita Bharati ISBN 978-93-81160-12-1, p. 17. [3] Pt. Ishwar Chandra (ed., tr.) (2004), Aṣṭādhyāyī of Maharṣi Pāṇini (Volume 1), Delhi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratisthan, p. 351. [4] Pt. Ishwar Chandra (ed., tr.) (2004), Aṣṭādhyāyī of Maharṣi Pāṇini (Volume 2), Delhi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Pratisthan, p. 784. [5] Jagadguru Rāmānandācārya Svāmī Rāmabhadrācārya (2000), Īśāvāsyopaniṣadi Viśiṣṭādvaitaparakam Śrīrāghavakṛpābhāṣyam, Chitrakoot: Śrītulasīpīṭhasevānyāsa, pp. 6–9 (Sanskrit part), 6–11 (Hindi part).

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