Alan Turing, 1946. Cracked the Enigma code, creator of the Turing test for artificial intelligence, world-class distance runner, prosecuted for being gay.

Wikipedia:

On 24 December 2013, Queen Elizabeth II signed a pardon[12] for Turing's conviction for gross indecency, with immediate effect. Announcing the pardon, Justice Secretary Chris Grayling said Turing deserved to be "remembered and recognised for his fantastic contribution to the war effort" and not for his later criminal conviction.[11][13] The Queen officially pronounced Turing pardoned in August 2014.[197] The Queen's action is only the fourth royal pardon granted since the conclusion of the Second World War.[198] This case is unusual in that pardons are normally granted only when the person is technically innocent, and a request has been made by the family or other interested party. Neither condition was met in regard to Turing's conviction.[199]...

In September 2016, the government announced its intention to expand this retroactive exoneration to other men convicted of similar historical indecency offences, in what was described as an "Alan Turing law".[202][203] The Alan Turing law is now an informal term for the law in the United Kingdom, contained in the Policing and Crime Act 2017, which serves as an amnesty law to retroactively pardon men who were cautioned or convicted under historical legislation that outlawed homosexual acts. The law applies in England and Wales.

A truly remarkable person.

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