First, I don't think it's wrong that you trusted him, I think it's wrong that he abused you like that for... whatever reason he thought it was necessary to scream at you for.

Second, this kind of behavior is not going to stop. If he's willing to do it like that in a business setting, without fear of repercussion for it, he either doesn't believe anyone will say anything, or he'll be protected if they do. If either of those things are true, he's not going to see any reason to stop. It's also indicative of some pretty dicey personality traits, but I'm not a psychologist. All that just to say; it's not a safe place to work and you're right to leave. You're also well within your rights to drop that client on the company and tell everyone to fuck themselves for what's happened to you, but I certainly appreciate your situation.

Finally. Do not, under any circumstances, allow him to talk you out of your decision.

Big internet hugs, friend.