I and 2 are common knowledge, but I did a quick google search:
1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Military_budget_of_China
China understates its defense spending to some degree, and different groups disagree to what degree that is. Estimates range from highs of 2-3 times the stated figures, to about 50% more.
Designs for many of the nation’s most sensitive advanced weapons systems have been compromised by Chinese hackers, according to a report prepared for the Pentagon and to officials from government and the defense industry.
Among more than two dozen major weapons systems whose designs were breached were programs critical to U.S. missile defenses and combat aircraft and ships, according to a previously undisclosed section of a confidential report prepared for Pentagon leaders by the Defense Science Board.
Experts warn that the electronic intrusions gave China access to advanced technology that could accelerate the development of its weapons systems and weaken the U.S. military advantage in a future conflict.
3) This is based on my 30 years of experience in Aerospace. The US military has the concept of FOD, foreign object debris. This is stuff that, if left on a runway, could get sucked up into you jet engine and damage it. The US military routine canvases its runways to get it clear of FOB. The Russians assume that in war conditions FOB will be unavoidable and design their planes to withstand such debris and consciously do not clean off their runways. This is based on what I learned, so I did a quick search to verify this as well:
The Russian MiG-29 fighter has a special engine design to prevent ingestion of FOD during take-off from rough airfields. The front air intakes could be closed and special inlets on the top of the plane temporarily opened. This would allow enough airflow to the engine for take-off but reduced the chances of the engine sucking up objects from the ground.