In a lot of ways I think it's partially caused by where you direct those feelings. My anger used to be very outwardly expressed, I blamed others for my failures because I didn't want to accept that I was the problem. During that time my usual response when someone asked how I was doing would be to reply that I must be doing find since I hadn't killed anyone. I never would kill anyone, mind you, and everyone who knew me knew that so I was given a free pass on outlandish statements.

Then, when I was 25 or so I came to the realization that the only common theme in all of my failures was me. Once I accepted my own inadequacies I was able to focus on improving where I was lacking or learning to accept the things I couldn't improve upon. At that point of realization, when that sense of critical examination shifted inward my jokes shifted from "haven't killed anyone yet" to "haven't killed myself yet." Interestingly enough, suicide jokes get you pulled aside for a conversation just to "check up" on your state of being a lot more frequently than murder jokes do.

One really interesting change: with one major exception I don't really remember a bad thing anyone has done to me since that change in perspective and remember all the bad things I've done to other people. I distinctly remember people doing bad things to me but I have no clue what they were. One very notable instance being thing with my ex a few months after we broke up, she made some joke that was slightly mean to me and I remember jokingly saying "oh ho ho, you're calling me whatever it was she said" and I thought she knew I wasn't seriously bothered(that woman knows me very well). Days later she calls me and apologizes for the comment. I felt terrible because I should have known she'd ping pong the thought around in her head for days and feel bad about it. I remember the guilt I felt for hurting her feelings by pretending my feelings were hurt, and I no idea what she did to me. That's pretty much how all my the slights I've received since have gone. I imagine that if you were to ask her she would remember in vivid detail what she did and have no memory of what I did; we are both self critical(she once blamed herself for my apartment's awful plumbing)

For a person with a higher aggression level, poor impulse control, and an inclination do things in response thoughts(I avoid doing things at all cost) I can honestly see how those two perspectives would cause them to kill themselves or someone else. I'd be lying if I said I'd never thought about both...I couldn't do either, though, I'm too neurotic to murder people and I'm too afraid of death to kill myself.

TL;DR: Yes, I can see how the same impulse and bottled up emotions would cause both suicide and murder, depending on whether a person directs their negativity inward or outward(i.e. do I blame myself or others for my perceived failures?)