[Serious] Scientists of Reddit, if you could get a definitive "Yes" or "No" answer to ONE unsolved question in your field, what question would it be and why?

Not a scientist but student. It would be pretty cool if a topological superconductor were to be discovered. In addition to being a host of crazy interesting new physics, these things could be next-gen platforms of electronics and quantum computing. Why?

*Particles known as Majorana fermions (MFs) can be found at the surface of a topological superconductor. MFs are their own antiparticle, and for some purposes they can be thought of as half-electrons. While usually it takes huge amounts of energy in particle colliders to find new particles (think LHC), in condensed matter this is much easier since quasiparticles are thought of as collective, emergent excitations in quantum field theory- i.e., emergent properties of the medium they reside in. It's an exercise in spectroscopy and probing rather than smashing stuff together.

*It's been shown (through a lot of crazy math that I can't really understand yet) that because of the weird exchange statistics that MFs obey, they could be used to encode information nonlocally in a low-decoherence, fault-tolerant quantum computer. What I mean by exchange statistics is whether a physical microscopic system "looks the same" if you exchange two identical particles. For bosons, nothing happens, but for (ordinary) fermions, the sign of the wavefunction describing the system switches. MFs don't follow either of these rules. Decoherence has been a huge problem in practically trying to realize a quantum computer, but it turns out that the unique properties of MFs may be able to come to the rescue.

And because topological superconductors, are of course, topological phases of matter (they are, very roughly speaking, on the boundary between pure conductors and pure insulators) we can expect physicists and EEs alike to have a lot of fun with these.

/r/AskReddit Thread