Socialize the losses, privitize the gains.

Also our political system incentivizes parties into a 4 year planning cycle with a focus on the more recent election years. This concentrates power into a thinner number of hands and shifts focus to short term at the expense of longer term. Take into account longer term failures are seldom if ever held accountable to the person who cause them, you get to where we are today. Changing the structure for more accountability and more responsibility by elected officials when they obviously have done something off would be great changes.

Pollution in general falls in the "Tragedy of the commons" category where the incentive to reduce pollution is little (your impact might be nil), where as your incentive to pollute is high (it's cheaper for your and the bulk of negatives aren't felt by you but spread out across the entire ecosystem affected).