You're fine.

The adjudication of mental defect is a court proceeding requiring the respondent, a doctor representing the respondent, an attorney representing the respondent, a representative of the State, a doctor representing the State, and an attorney representing the State all to meet in front of a judge to make a determination about a person's mental ability.

You'd know if you had been adjudicated mentally defective, not least because you'd have a document with "Your State v Your Name" and "Writ of Mental Defect" at the top and a judges signature at the bottom. Or something very substantially similar that required significant court proceedings to get.

As for involuntary commitment, again, SIGNIFICANT legal proceedings. If you haven't been to court, had a judge commit you to a mental institution, and spend time there, you haven't been committed.