I remember doing some assignments on Ancient Greece in primary school and maybe the first year of secondary. A few little bits of British and Australian history here and there but nothing substantial. Not sure if anything's changed, but in the first two years of secondary we didn't have History classes, just SOSE (Studies of Society & Environment), which incorporated some history amongst other things. To be honest I don't remember much history being taught in that class, and what was taught was mostly about the First Fleet, convicts etc. Again, just broad strokes.

From then on History is an elective you can choose to take. I had to do it via distance ed one year because only something like 4 out of 150 people signed up for it. I think one year was entirely about WW1 & 2, then at least a semester just on Nazi Germany, may have been the full year. The last year focused on revolutions and my school did the French and Russian revolutions (there were 4 options, the American revolution was one, Mao's Cultural revolution was most likely the other). If you didn't take History then you probably only covered WW1 or WW2 a little in English at some point while studying a relevant book. Philosophy and Psychology intersected with History occasionally but again those were electives and not very popular ones.

The Australian education system is severely lacking in many ways, but no one wants to talk about it, and they're not forced to because the problem isn't that kids are failing and leaving school left and right, it's that the curriculum is so dumbed down anyone halfway literate can make it through. So on paper, everything looks ok.

I got a hell of a shock when I went to university overseas. I knew I would be a bit behind despite doing very well in Australia, but it was way worse than I thought.

There's a handful of great private schools in Australia that teach the curriculum real fast instead of dragging it out, and then build on it or dig deeper into things, but if you didn't go to one of those schools and you aren't the kind of person who can effectively teach yourself things, then a half-decent education is a pipe dream.