Ill try to sum it up as best I can.

Taosims central tenant, and this is what I am going to go off because thats all that matters, because other peoples interpretation means shit all in the eastern contexts, is that there is a "way of nature" that acting in harmony with creates a "sage." There is energy in the world, chi, that comes in patterns, li (lower case, upper case L means ritual in the confucian sense.) These energies are yin, a receptive force, and yang, an assertive force. The key to the sage is knowing how to balance these forces. When you sit on a chair, the chair is demonstrating yin, your ass is demonstrating yang. There is a balance of these forces that create harmony. The important thing to do, for a sage, is know when to be what. Taoism preaches knowing your place, and how to act in certain situations, in order to become a sage that is at harmony (peace) with the world. This is the focus of Daoism. Nothing supernatural, nothing farfetched, simple facts that there is assertiveness and receptiveness and balance is the key to inner peace and overall good interactions between people. In fact, chi is said to come in different li all over the place, energy comes in different patters essentially. This is true and backed up by science. Because there is different li, study of all patterns is important, so Taoism fundamentally goes hand in hand and calls for scientific advancement.

Buddhism preaches that suffering is inherent, and there are upaya (in essence, tools) that help you overcome this and get to nirvana, liberation. Nirvana/enlightenment is not something you understand, it is something that you experience. It is the loss of the self, of the ego. An important thing in buddhism is pratityasamutpada, or that things are interconnected and interdependent. An understanding of this is an upaya towards enlightenment. Things are part of a whole. The whole is not good or bad, it simply is. Science backs that up just fine, and in fact viewing things this way encourages scientific discovery, so that we may understand the interconnection better. Buddhism claims that it is NOT TRUE. It is helpful or not helpful towards a goal. You may use whatever upaya it takes to achieve nirvana. If this means jacking off, going to music concerts, banging your head into the wall, whatever you want, then go head and do it. If that helps you and others towards a common good, then go ahead. Science also backs up pratityasamutpada in the realms of physics, biology, geology, chemistry, everything really.