Some of these are more from a state perspective, but:
Repair and replace aging or obsolete infrastructure. This is fairly straightforward. One of the ways to accomplish this would have been to make the new toll lanes in my state actually owned by the state and thus use what must be an incredible amount of revenue generated by them judging by the fares to supplement the transportation and infrastructure budget. Since instead, the government is an idiot, as usual, I recommend creating some more toll lanes and actually maintaining gov't ownership of them.
Reducing military expenditures. This can include reducing the nuclear stockpile (and thus the number of people needed to take care of that shit) and other holdings that simply aren't and won't be used. Others more informed on the matter than myself can look into other ways to reduce spending, but looking at the budget - I can't imagine it needs to be as large as it is.
Somehow dealing with the problem of illegal immigration/improving the immigration process. From what I understand, the process to become a citizen can be ridiculously long. We need to find a way to improve the process so that people who want to work/live in this country can do so legally without being taken advantage of because of their immigration status.
Staying ahead academically. Stop administering so many tests to children. While they may be useful metrics in some areas, I know that the children I was in class with each year changed each year. Comparing results one year to the next for my school was comparing a completely different set of children. That makes it difficult to judge either the children's progress OR the teacher's efficacy. Additionally, it costs time and money to administer all these tests and omg why? Use that time to teach them tech skills or something that will be engaging and useful instead of stressful.
Annnd, a bunch more things, but it's getting late and I need to go to bed.